The Lung Health Study showed the beneficial effects of early intervention . The five-year multiclinical study comprised 5887 smokers with mild to moderate airflow limitation in the United States and Canada. Its purpose was to determine whether smoking intervention and the use of a bronchodilator would slow the rate of decline in FEV1 in early…
Smoking is by far the most significant risk factor for COPD, and its effects are potentiated by age. As described by Fletcher and Peto , FEV1 in susceptible smokers does not begin to diverge significantly from the normal range of decline until about 35 years of age, typically after 20 years or more of smoking,…
The results indicate that many more individuals have both respiratory symptoms and objectively observable chronic obstruction than are diagnosed. These findings have serious implications for underdiagnosis in younger populations, who are typically asymptomatic. In most COPD patients, dyspnea does not appear until the sixth or seventh decade of life, and yet the underlying pathophysiological causes…
Results from a study in the United Kingdom indicate the magnitude of underdiagnosis . The authors surmised that chronic airways obstruction is underdiagnosed and undertreated in adults and the elderly. To test their hypothesis, they surveyed 783 men and women over the age of 45 years in the city of Manchester – an industrial centre….
It has long been believed that COPD is underdiagnosed; several factors contribute to this. COPD is often clinically indistinguishable from chronic asthma. The symptoms are similar: many asthmatics smoke or have smoked but are not necessarily smoke susceptible, and many patients with COPD have hyperreactive airways but are not necessarily asthmatic. Several studies have also…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and its impact on quality of life can be severe. Physicians have the opportunity to help patients escape the consequences of untreated COPD. It has not been proved that medication can…
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