We found that low therapeutic concentrations of theophylline significantly increased aerosol penetration in the lung of healthy subjects based on the finding of significantly lower mean skew with theophylline. Neither mucociliary clearance nor tracheal mucociliary transport rate was different between theophylline and placebo trials. When aerosol deposition is taken into consideration, the data suggest that…
Delivery of aerosolized bronchodilator agents through metered-dose inhalers (MDI) has enjoyed wide popularity because these devices are portable and convenient, require minimum time for administration, and have the potential for effecting rapid relief of bronchospasm. More recently, it has been shown that MDI-delivered corticosteroids may reduce oral corticosteroid requirements in asthmatic patients who are chronically…
When the above considerations are taken into account, it seems that for aerosol therapy we require as ideals: (1) aerosol MMAD <5 to minimize oropharyngeal deposition, (2) slow, steady inhalation, and (3) a period of breath-holding on completion of inhalation. These ideals are hard to achieve for metered-dose inhalers (MDIs), partly because of the nature…
The ihalation therapy has several well-established advantages over the oral and intravenous (IV) routes: (1) A small dose of drug can be used; a few hundred micrograms of inhaled (3-agonist may be as effective as a 10-mg oral dose. (2) There is a rapid onset of action; an inhaled bronchodilator is effective within 5 minutes…
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